Only children may actually have the upper hand when it comes to brainpower, happiness, and creativity — outshining their peers with siblings, according to a new study.
Only Children Are Better Off?
Challenging the long-held stereotype that only children are more prone to behavioral issues, researchers found the opposite to be true. In fact, being an only child was positively associated with stronger mental health, enhanced cognitive function, and increased creativity.
“Our findings show positive correlations between only-child status and neurocognition and mental health,” the research team wrote in their report, published this week in Nature Human Behavior.
Conducted by a team of scientists in China, the study analyzed data from 7,186 individuals aged 18 to 30, using brain imaging, behavioral tests, and detailed questionnaires covering childhood trauma and socioeconomic background. MRI scans comparing the participants’ grey and white brain matter — key tissues involved in reasoning, memory, and information processing — revealed striking results. Only children showed not only better mental well-being but also superior memory and language abilities.
More Advantages to Only Children
The study uncovered even more advantages for only children. Beyond brain scans, behavioral assessments revealed that they reported higher levels of life satisfaction and scored higher in traits like openness and creativity. They also tended to be less impulsive and less reliant on external validation — traits associated with greater emotional independence and self-assurance.
“Greater economic resources, along with more parental attention, availability, and responsiveness, may give only children a strong foundation for intellectual growth, emotional well-being, and mature social skills,” the team noted.
Importantly, the researchers emphasized that these are modifiable factors. Whether a child has siblings or not, elements like maternal care, family support, and overall environment play a powerful role in shaping brain development and behavior.
The researchers acknowledged a few important caveats. Their study didn’t factor in outside influences — like close relationships with cousins or classmates — that could mimic the social benefits of having siblings. They also noted that reasons for being an only child, such as financial constraints, infertility, or later-in-life parenthood, weren’t part of the analysis and could play a role in shaping outcomes.
